Toss to face stricter oversight as Korea's first fintech financial conglomerate

Viva Republica, which operates Toss, is poised to become the first fintech company subject to the same regulatory framework as Korea's other large financial conglomerates, marking a major shift in oversight for the fast-growing platform. Originally launched as a mobile money-transfer app, Toss has since rapidly evolved into a financial platform spanning banking, brokerage and insurance. Authorities are expected to formally designate the company as a “financial conglomerate” later this month. Introduced in 2021, the system is designed to strengthen oversight of groups with multiple financial subsidiaries by requiring integrated supervision of intra-group risk and related-party transactions. Seven conglomerates — Samsung, Hanwha, Mirae Asset, Kyobo, Hyundai Motor, DB and Daou Kiwoom — are currently subject to the regulations. To qualify, a group must operate across at least two of three sectors — banking, insurance and financial investment — with the smallest business holding more than 5 trillion won ($3.24 billion) in assets. Toss qualifies through Toss Bank and Toss Securitie